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IAS Exam Preparation Through Science Infographics

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IAS Exam Preparation of Science & Technology via Infographics

You will be tested by UPSC on Questions relating to Science & Technology. ISRO’s Mars Orbiter Mission (MoM) Mangalyaan is extremely significant from examination point of view.

Science & Technology for IAS Exam Preparation 2016

Topic – Mars Orbiter Mission – Mangalyaan

IAS Exam Preparation

Facts About Mars

Has two moons: Phobos and Deimos
4^th planet from Sun
2^nd smallest planet in the Solar system after Mercury.
Diameter: ~6800 kms (Mars); Earth (~12700 kms)
Volume wise, ~8 Mars would fit inside our Earth.
One Martian day: 24 hours 37 minutes
One Martian year: 687 days
Mars is also tilted on its axis (25 degrees).
Mars gravity 1/10^th of Earth.
When Sun and Mars are in opposite direction, it can be easily observed from Earth.

Facts About Mangalyaan

MoM/Mangalyaan: first Indian spacecraft to cross Earth’s escape velocity of 11.2 km per second.
Mangalyaan traveled for ~300 days, covering ~65 crore kilometers, and reached Martian orbit in September 2014.
Mangalyan is not the fastest spacecraft to reach Mars. Others are far ahead of It, in terms of speed. For example- European Space Agency’s Mars mission (2003) reached Mars in ~210 days.
MoM cost 7 rupees per kms to reach

ISRO’s MoM Versus NASA’s Maven

ISRO’s MoM	NASA’s Maven
Mars Orbitor Mission	Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution Mission (MAVEN)
launch vehicle=PSLV	Atlas V rockets. (more powerful than PSLV)
launched on 5^th Nov 2013	18^th Nov 2013
reached Mars on 24^th Sep 2014	Reached Mars on 21^st Sep 2014.
launched from Sriharikota, Andhra	launched from Cape Canaveral in Florida, US.
Rs.450 crore	$671 million
~1,350 kg	??
Doing three studies: Surface/geology: using camera and spectrometer. (Particle) Environment: using MENCA Atmosphere: using Photometer and Methane sensor	Only study Martian (upper) atmosphere. based on that data: It’ll give clues about martian climate, geologic, and geochemical conditions over time Will find the answer: Did Mars ever had suitable environment to support life?
has five instruments/payloads	has eight instrument- spectrograph, magnetometer, ion analyzer etc.
–	The spacecraft may also provide communications relay support for future Mars landers and rovers.